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- 1From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The core histone tail domains are key regulatory elements in chromatin. The tails are essential for folding oligonucleosomal arrays into both secondary and tertiary structures, and post-translational...
- 2From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Homologues of nucleosome assembly protein 1 (NAP1) have been identified in all eukaryotes. Although initially identified as histone chaperones and chromatin-assembly factors, additional functions include roles...
- 3From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Changes in the overall structure of chromatin are essential for the proper regulation of cellular processes, including gene activation and silencing, DNA repair, chromosome segregation during mitosis and...
- 4From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Chromatin modifications play a crucial role in regulating DNA metabolism. Chromatin structures can be remodeled by covalently modifying histones, by shifting nucleosomes along the DNA, and by changing the...
- 5From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, H3 methylation at lysine 4 (H3K4) is mediated by Set1. Set1 is a large protein bearing a conserved RNA recognition motif in addition to its catalytic C-terminal SET domain. The SET...
- 6From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Genomic characterization of various euchromatic regions in higher eukaryotes has revealed that domain-wide hyperacetylation (over several kb) occurs at a range of loci, including individual genes, gene family...
- 7From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: All cells, whether free-living or part of a multicellular organism, must contend with a variety of environmental fluctuations that can be harmful or lethal to the cell. Cells exposed to different kinds of...
- 8From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The transition from transcription activation to repression is regulated at multiple levels by the DNA sequence and DNA modification to its compaction through chromatin packaging. The GAGA factor (GAF) is one of...
- 9From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: One of the earliest responses to a DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the carboxy-terminal phosphorylation of budding yeast H2A (metazoan histone H2AX) to create γH2A (or γH2AX). This chromatin modification...
- 10From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The eukaryotic cell is faced with more than 10 000 various kinds of DNA lesions per day. Failure to repair such lesions can lead to mutations, genomic instability, or cell death. Therefore, cells have developed...
- 11From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Myosins are a superfamily of actin-activated ATPases that, in the cytoplasm, work together with actin as molecular motors. The presence of actin in the nucleus has been known for many years. The demonstration...
- 12From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The epigenome, which comprises chromatin, associated proteins, and the pattern of covalent modification of DNA by methylation, sets up and maintains gene expression programs. It was originally believed that DNA...
- 13From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: It is now well established that cells modify chromatin to set transcriptionally active or inactive regions. Such control of chromatin structure is essential for proper development of organisms. In addition to...
- 14From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The assembly of the centromere, a specialized region of DNA along with a constitutive protein complex which resides at the primary constriction and is the site of kinetochore formation, has been puzzling...
- 15From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: In the midst of an increasingly detailed understanding of the molecular basis of genome regulation, we still only vaguely understand the relationship between molecular biochemistry and the structure of the...
- 16From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: The gold standard for studies of nucleosomal chromatin structure for the past 30 years has been the enzyme micrococcal nuclease (MNase). During the course of our studies on the elucidation of the mechanism of...
- 17From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: During interphase, histone amino-terminal tails play important roles in regulating the extent of DNA compaction. Post-translational modifications of the histone tails are intimately associated with regulating...
- 18From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Although they are one of the oldest family of proteins known (first described in 1884 by Kossel), histones continue to surprise researchers with their ever expanding roles in biology. In the past 25 years, the...
- 19From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Recent studies, using cytometric techniques based on fluorescence microscopy, have provided new information on how linker histones interact with chromatin in vivo or in situ. In particular, the use of green...
- 20From: Biochemistry and Cell Biology. (Vol. 84, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAbstract: Mammalian cells contain approximately 400 copies of the ribosomal RNA genes organized as tandem, head-to-tail repeats spread among 6-8 chromosomes. Only a subset of the genes is transcribed at any given time....