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- 1From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic parasitic disease that is fatal unless treated. In Kenya, national VL guidelines rely on microscopic examination of spleen aspirate to confirm diagnosis. As this...
- 2From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Although a previous study predicted that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) originated in the Malaysia/ Indonesia region, the virus is known to circulate mainly on the Asian continent. However, there are no...
- 3From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: When both parasite species are co-endemic, Plasmodium vivax incidence peaks in younger children compared to P. falciparum. To identify differences in the number of blood stage infections of these species and...
- 4From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedEcological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the Leishmaniases. The ecological...
- 5From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedNoma (cancrum oris) is a gangrenous disease of unknown etiology affecting the maxillo-facial region of young children in extremely limited resource countries. In an attempt to better understand the microbiological...
- 6From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Leishmaniasis remains a global health problem because of the substantial holes that remain in our understanding of sand fly ecology and the failure of traditional vector control methods. The specific larval...
- 7From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Over 133,000 children present to hospitals with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) annually in Asia. Japanese encephalitis (JE) accounts for approximately one-quarter of cases; in most cases no pathogen is...
- 8From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: The pathogenesis of dengue shock syndrome (DSS, grade 3 and 4) is not yet completely understood. Several factors are reportedly associated with DSS, a more severe form of dengue infection that reportedly...
- 9From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedThe two classical forms of human trypanosomoses are sleeping sickness due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or T. brucei rhodesiense, and Chagas disease due to T. cruzi. However, a number of atypical human infections...
- 10From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Cebu has been one of the most leprosy endemic areas in the Philippines. Despite the high coverage rates of multiple drug therapy (MDT) and high BCG-vaccine coverage in children, leprosy control authorities...
- 11From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedDengue, caused by the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV), is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease of humans. To examine the incidence and transmission of dengue, the authors performed a prospective...
- 12From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedFor enveloped viruses, fusion of the viral envelope with a cellular membrane is critical for a productive infection to occur. This fusion process is mediated by at least three classes of fusion proteins (Class I, II,...
- 13From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Brucellosis, a zoonotic infection caused by one of the Gram-negative intracellular bacteria of the Brucella genus, is an ongoing public health problem in Peru. While most patients who receive standard...
- 14From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Chagas disease treatment is limited by drug availability, adverse side effect profiles of available medications, and poor adherence. Methods: Adult Chagas disease patients initiating 60-days of...
- 15From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedIn Latin America, Bothrops snakes account for most snake bites in humans, and the recommended treatment is administration of multispecific Bothrops antivenom (SAB--soro antibotropico). However, Bothrops snakes are very...
- 16From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedAsian schistosomiasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease infecting up to a million people and threatening tens of millions more. Control of this disease is hindered by the animal reservoirs of the parasite, in particular...
- 17From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has reemerged as a life threatening pathogen and caused large epidemics in several countries. So far, no licensed vaccine or effective antivirals are available and the treatment...
- 18From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: The chemotherapy of schistosomiasis currently depends on the use of a single drug, praziquantel. In order to develop novel chemotherapeutic agents we are investigating enzymes involved in the epigenetic...
- 19From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedLeprosy remains a public health problem in Brazil with new case incidence exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) goals in endemic clusters throughout the country. Migration can facilitate movement of disease between...
- 20From: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. (Vol. 7, Issue 9) Peer-ReviewedBackground: The role of the immune response in influencing leptospirosis clinical outcomes is not yet well understood. We hypothesized that acute-phase serum cytokine responses may play a role in disease progression,...