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- 1From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedOne of the most striking observations in nature is when similar phenotypes appear independently, such as wings in birds and bats, or melanism in moths and mice. These examples of so-called convergent evolution naturally...
- 2From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedWe previously showed that fusion between hepatocytes lacking a crucial liver enzyme, fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH), and wild-type blood cells resulted in hepatocyte reprogramming. FAH expression was restored in...
- 3From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedMyotubularin is a lipid phosphatase implicated in endosomal trafficking in vitro, but with an unknown function in vivo. Mutations in myotubularin cause myotubular myopathy, a devastating congenital myopathy with unclear...
- 4From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedSubmarine hydrothermal vents are model systems for the Archaean Earth environment, and some sites maintain conditions that may have favored the formation and evolution of cellular life. Vents are typified by rapid...
- 5From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedRNA polymerases frequently deal with a number of obstacles during transcription elongation that need to be removed for transcription resumption. One important type of hindrance consists of DNA lesions, which are removed...
- 6From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedRecently, the nuclear protein known as Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase1 (PARP1) was shown to play a key role in regulating transcription of a number of genes and controlling the nuclear sub-organelle nucleolus. PARP1 enzyme...
- 7From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedProgressive retinal degeneration is the underlying feature of many human retinal dystrophies. Previous work using Drosophila as a model system and analysis of specific mutations in human rhodopsin have uncovered a...
- 8From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedDiverse sex-chromosome systems are found in vertebrates, particularly in teleost fishes, where different systems can be found in closely related species. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the rapid turnover of...
- 9From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedBoth genetic and epigenetic alterations contribute to Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD), which is linked to the shortening of the array of D4Z4 repeats at the 4q35 locus. The consequence of this rearrangement...
- 10From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedMany repair and recombination proteins play essential roles in telomere function and chromosome stability, notwithstanding the role of telomeres in "hiding" chromosome ends from DNA repair and recombination. Among these...
- 11From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedLepidopterans (butterflies and moths) are a rich and diverse order of insects, which, despite their economic impact and unusual biological properties, are relatively underrepresented in terms of genomic resources. The...
- 12From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedPML is a progressive and mostly fatal demyelinating disease caused by JC virus infection and destruction of infected oligodendrocytes in multiple brain foci of susceptible individuals. While JC virus is highly prevalent...
- 13From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedPosition-dependent cell fate determination and pattern formation are unique aspects of the development of plant structures. The establishment of single-celled leaf hairs (trichomes) from pluripotent epidermal...
- 14From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedProtein homeostasis is critical for cellular survival and its dysregulation has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the growing appreciation of the pathogenic...
- 15From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedAge-associated telomere shortening is a well documented feature of peripheral blood cells in human population studies, but it is not known to what extent these data can be transferred to the individual level. Telomere...
- 16From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-Reviewed
Deletion of the mitochondrial superoxide dismutase sod-2 extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans.
The oxidative stress theory of aging postulates that aging results from the accumulation of molecular damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during normal metabolism. Superoxide dismutases (SODs)... - 17From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedWe report a genome-wide assessment of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variants (CNVs) in schizophrenia. We investigated SNPs using 871 patients and 863 controls, following up the top hits in four...
- 18From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedGenomic imprinting is a normal process that causes genes to be expressed according to parental origin. The selective advantage conferred by imprinting is not understood but is hypothesised to act on dosage-critical...
- 19From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedRecent studies indicate a mutual epidemiological relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and periodontitis. Both diseases are associated with similar risk factors and are characterized by a chronic inflammatory...
- 20From: PLoS Genetics. (Vol. 5, Issue 2) Peer-ReviewedRecent successful discoveries of potentially causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for complex diseases hold great promise, and commercialization of genomics in personalized medicine has already begun. The hope...