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- 1From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedAccording to international guidelines [1,2] and several nations' laws [3-5], research with humans requires independent ethics committee review. In the United States, committees are called institutional review boards...
- 2From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background HIV protease inhibitor (PI) therapy results in the rapid selection of drug resistant viral variants harbouring one or two substitutions in the viral protease. To combat PI resistance development,...
- 3From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) results from recognition of host antigens by donor T cells following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT). Notably, histoincompatibility between...
- 4From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedAlthough its title attracted me to read this paper [1], I was quickly disappointed. First, it advances a Malthusian approach that applauds the "potential benefits" of AIDS-related stigma. Second, it reflects a poor...
- 5From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Despite the comprehensive World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) measles mortality-reduction strategy and the Measles Initiative, a partnership of international...
- 6From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedIn this issue of PLoS Medicine, Renaud Becquet and colleagues report their findings from a new study looking at the long-term safety of infant feeding interventions aimed at reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission in...
- 7From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedThe article "Eight Americas: Investigating Mortality Disparities across Races, Counties, and Race-Counties in the United States" [1] reports on what the authors describe as racial differences in mortality. The authors...
- 8From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background The highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus, which is now widespread in Southeast Asia and which diffused recently in some areas of the Balkans region and Western Europe, has raised a public...
- 9From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedIn their essay in October's PLoS Medicine, Daniel Reidpath and Kit Yee Chan challenge the widely cited link between HIV-related stigma and the spread of the epidemic [1]. This is an important question, given the heavy...
- 10From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Ghost authorship, the failure to name, as an author, an individual who has made substantial contributions to an article, may result in lack of accountability. The prevalence and nature of ghost...
- 11From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Directly observed treatment short course (DOTS), the global control strategy aimed at controlling tuberculosis (TB) transmission through prompt diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive disease, has...
- 12From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Tobacco smoking, passive smoking, and indoor air pollution from biomass fuels have been implicated as risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) infection, disease, and death. Tobacco smoking and indoor...
- 13From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedIn their essay "HIV, Stigma, and Rates of Infection: A Rumour without Evidence", Daniel Reidpath and Kit Yee Chan rightly underscore the insufficient body of research on the relationship between stigma and discrimination...
- 14From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedOn September 1, 2006, the World Health Organisation (WHO) announced that a deadly new strain of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) had been detected in Tugela Ferry (Figure 1), a rural town in the South...
- 15From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Little is known about the long-term safety of infant feeding interventions aimed at reducing breast milk HIV transmission in Africa. Methods and Findings In 2001-2005, HIV-infected pregnant...
- 16From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedIn a PloS Medicine article of September 2005, J. Jaime Miranda and Vikram Patel ask: "Achieving the Millennium Development Goals [MDGs]: Does Mental Health Play a Role?" [1]. We agree with their concern that "there is no...
- 17From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedThe Challenge: Understanding Global Inequalities "Throughout the world, people who are vulnerable and socially disadvantaged have less access to health resources, get sicker, and die earlier than people in more...
- 18From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background The response to the next influenza pandemic will likely include extensive use of antiviral drugs (mainly oseltamivir), combined with other transmission-reducing measures. Animal and in vitro...
- 19From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedWe read with great interest the essay by Perel et al. [1] on noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries. The authors are to be congratulated for their excellent...
- 20From: PLoS Medicine. (Vol. 4, Issue 1) Peer-ReviewedABSTRACT Background Cancer may follow exposure to an environmental agent after many decades. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori, known to be acquired early in life, increases risk for gastric adenocarcinoma, but...