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- 1From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedThe classical view of the molecular clock is based on interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops. Because a substantial fraction of the mammalian genome is expressed in a circadian manner, chromatin...
- 2From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedNucleosomes that contain the histone variant H2A.Z are enriched around transcriptional start sites, but the mechanistic basis for this enrichment is unknown. A single octameric nucleosome can contain two H2A.Z histones...
- 3From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedMolecular chaperones of the Hsp90 family execute the late-stage folding of a significant fraction of the eukaryotic cell proteome. So-called 'client' proteins of Hsp90 have diverse cellular functions, but an overarching...
- 4From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedEukaryotic cells have several quality control pathways that rely on translation to detect and degrade defective RNAs. Dom34 and Hbs1 are two proteins that are related to translation termination factors and are involved...
- 5From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedWhile much attention has been focused on chromatin at promoters and exons, human genes are mostly composed of intronic sequences. Analyzing published surveys of nucleosomes and 41 chromatin marks in humans, we...
- 6From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedIncorrectly folded states transiently populated during the protein folding process are potentially prone to aggregation and have been implicated in a range of misfolding disorders that include Alzheimer's and...
- 7From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedFor protein synthesis, the ribosome requires additional protein factors, including several GTPases. One such protein is the elongation factor EF-Tu, which takes aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome where it forms a complex...
- 8From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedTelomerase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae binds and preferentially elongates short telomeres, and this process requires the checkpoint kinase Tel1. Here we show that the Mre11 complex bound preferentially to short...
- 9From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) initiates reverse transcription of its viral RNA (vRNA) genome from a cellular [tRNA.sub.3.sup.Lys] primer. This process is characterized by a slow initiation phase with specific...
- 10From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedThe tumor suppressor protein BRCA2 is a key component of the homologous recombination pathway of DNA repair, acting as the loader of RAD51 recombinase at sites of double-strand breaks. Here we show that BRCA2 associates...
- 11From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedAmyloid fibrils are important in diverse cellular functions, feature in many human diseases and have potential applications in nanotechnology. Here we describe methods that combine optical trapping and fluorescent...
- 12From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedThough the linkages between germline mutations of BRCA1 and hereditary breast cancer are well known, recent evidence suggests that altered BRCA1 transcription may also contribute to sporadic forms of breast cancer. Here...
- 13From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedThe repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination is essential for genomic stability. The first step in this process is resection of 5' strands to generate 3' single-stranded DNA intermediates....
- 14From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedRyanodine receptors (RyR) are large, tetrameric channels that regulate the release of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). RyRl is found in skeletal muscle and is required for excitation-contraction coupling....
- 15From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedComprehensive genome-wide mapping of epigenomic modifications has the potential to increase understanding of a multitude of diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, to date few tissues have been thoroughly...
- 16From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedWhen a polypeptide is terminally misfolded in the lumen of the ER, the cell translocates it back to the cytoplasmic compartment for proteasomal degradation, in a process called ERAD (for ER-associated protein...
- 17From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-Reviewed
Crystal structure of a non-neutralizing antibody to the HIV-1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region
The monoclonal antibody 13H11 shares part of its epitope in the HIV-1 gp41 membrane-proximal external region (MPER) with the rare, broadly neutralizing human antibody 2F5. Although 13H11 partially cross-blocked 2F5... - 18From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedHIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp41 undergoes large conformational changes to drive fusion of viral and target cell membranes, adopting at least three distinct conformations during the viral entry process. Neutralizing...
- 19From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedOne of the more uplifting events of 2010 was watching Chilean miners emerge after more than two months trapped underground, in a situation that seemed nothing short of a nightmare. It seems hard enough to deal with the...
- 20From: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. (Vol. 17, Issue 12) Peer-ReviewedIn bacteria, the translocation of tRNA and mRNA with respect to the ribosome is catalyzed by the conserved GTPase elongation factor-G (EF-G). To probe the rate-determining features in this process, we imaged...