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- 1From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedThe rhs genes are a family of composite genes widespread throughout Gram-negative bacteria, but the functions of the molecules they encode remain largely unknown. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,...
- 2From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedType 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed after most insulin-producing islets of Langerhans have already been destroyed. However, magnetic resonance imaging can be used to predict the onset of type 1 diabetes, and a benign...
- 3From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedEarly hematopoiesis occurs in the fetal liver but transitions to the bone marrow at later stages of development. Distinct innate-like lymphocytes arise from the fetal liver progenitors, but what distinguishes fetal...
- 4From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedIn patients with metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease can lead to cirrhosis and other hepatic disorders. In Nature, Flavell and colleagues show that the NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasomes and the effector...
- 5From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedThe stepwise commitment from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow to T lymphocyte-restricted progenitors in the thymus represents a paradigm for understanding the requirement for distinct extrinsic cues during...
- 6From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedAfter class switching in naive B cells, memory B cells and plasma cells that produce immunoglobulin E ([IgE.sup.+] cells) develop through a germinal-center [IgE.sup.+] intermediate cell without an IgG1 phase. In...
- 7From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedThe inflammasome is a protein complex that comprises an intracellular sensor (typically a Nod-like receptor), the precursor procaspase-1 and the adaptor ASC. Inflammasome activation leads to the maturation of caspase-1...
- 8From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedTLR2 can recognize acylated bacterial lipopeptides and trigger the secretion of mature IL-1[beta]. In Immunity, Stehlik and colleagues identify NLRP7 as an intracellular sensor of bacterial lipopeptides. Infection with...
- 9From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedNearly a decade ago, the concept of inflammasomes was introduced. Since then, the biochemical characterization of the inflammasomes has led to a richer understanding of innate immune responses in the context of...
- 10From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedThe function of the kinase Btk in neutrophil activation is largely unexplored. Here we found that Btk-deficient neutrophils had more production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after engagement of Toll-like receptors...
- 11From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedTolerance to endotoxins that is triggered by prior exposure to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands provides a mechanism with which to dampen inflammatory cytokines. The receptor-interacting protein RIP140 interacts with...
- 12From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedVarious combinations of techniques have been used to functionally characterize lymphoid populations. In Immunity, Davis and colleagues use the single-cell mass spectrometry technique CyTOF to provide a comprehensive...
- 13From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedThe transcription factors T-bet and Bcl-6 are required for the establishment of a T helper type 1 cell ([T.sub.H]1 cell) and follicular helper T cell ([T.sub.FH] cell) gene-expression profile, respectively. Here we...
- 14From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedInfection of plants triggers a switch of resources from growth to defense characterized by considerable transcriptional reprogramming involving thousands of genes. In Current Biology, Dong and colleagues use Arabidopsis...
- 15From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedInflammation is a fundamental response of the innate immune system to noxious stimuli. It has become somewhat trite to say that the past two decades have seen an explosion of interest in innate immunity, but progress in...
- 16From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedInflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that activate caspase-1, which leads to maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1[beta] (IL-1[beta]) and IL-18 and the induction of pyroptosis. Members of the...
- 17From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedImiquimod is an agonist of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 and is used clinically for the treatment of certain forms of skin cancer. In the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Sibilia and colleagues demonstrate that...
- 18From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedStringent control of the type I interferon signaling pathway is important for maintaining host immune responses and homeostasis, yet the molecular mechanisms responsible for its tight regulation are still poorly...
- 19From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedIn many ways, cancer can be seen as the end stage of chronic inflammation, but the steps in this transition are still being delineated. Kanneganti and colleagues, in Cancer Cell, provide evidence that NLRP12, a member...
- 20From: Nature Immunology. (Vol. 13, Issue 4) Peer-ReviewedControversies still surround the cellular and molecular processes involved in the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into their mature progeny. New insights into the lineage potential of early thymic...