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- 1From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedRepulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA) is a chemorepulsive factor that regulates neural tube closure during neuronal development. It has also been shown to be selectively expressed in areas of CNS inflammation post...
- 2From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedInterleukin-7 (IL-7) is required for T cell development and for maintaining and restoring homeostasis of mature T cells. IL-7 is a limiting resource under normal conditions, but it accumulates during lymphopaenia,...
- 3From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedThe presence or absence of different types of immune cells is known to influence the outcome for patients with cancer, but we are still some way from understanding the complex interactions between immune cell subsets...
- 4From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedNew evidence published in Science showing that eosinophils can migrate to adipose tissue to maintain glucose homeostasis adds to our increasing appreciation of the links between immune and metabolic systems. We know...
- 5From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedAlum, a term used to refer to trivalent aluminium-containing salts, is the most commonly used adjuvant in human vaccines. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. This study shows that alum crystals interact...
- 6From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedTranslating discoveries from the laboratory to the clinic is a key goal for many researchers. This month we bring you two articles that discuss recent progress in this area, focusing on the use of recombinant human...
- 7From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedDuring the flu season, supermarket shelves are heavily laden with food supplements proclaiming the wonders of zinc for immune health, but the precise mechanisms by which zinc enhances immune function are poorly...
- 8From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedAnaphylaxis is a life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that is classically associated with IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and histamine release. In addition, IgG1 antibodies can induce anaphylaxis, and it...
- 9From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedProgrammed cell death can be mediated by different mechanisms, including apoptosis, autophagy and programmed necrosis (also termed necroptosis). Although caspase 8 initiates T cell apoptosis following death receptor...
- 10From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedThe intestinal flora has been shown to shape the immune responses in the gut, mainly by providing activation signals for innate pattern recognition receptors. A study published in PNAS now suggests that the...
- 11From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedViral infections are a major cause of human disease. Although most viruses replicate in peripheral tissues, some have developed unique strategies to move into the nervous system, where they establish acute or persistent...
- 12From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedThe deposition of crystals of uric acid (a by-product of metabolism that is expelled by stressed cells) is known to trigger the neutrophilic inflammation associated with gout. Now, Lambrecht, Hammad and co-workers have...
- 13From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedCell surface expression of MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is essential for the induction of adaptive immune responses. Surface MHC class II molecules present antigenic peptides to [CD4.sup.+]...
- 14From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedChemokines and their receptors are central to the inflammatory process and are attractive therapeutic targets. Drugs that inhibit chemokine receptors are approved for the treatment of HIV infection and for stem cell...
- 15From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedCurrently there are no sufficiently validated biomarkers to aid the evaluation of new tuberculosis vaccine candidates, the improvement of tuberculosis diagnostics or the development of more effective and shorter...
- 16From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedAlthough there is a highly effective vaccine for yellow fever (a lethal viral disease spread by mosquitoes in the tropics), this live attenuated vaccine can have serious side effects. Thus, there is a need for a safer,...
- 17From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumours are infiltrated by leukocytes, which contribute to the immunosuppressive environment. Patients with metastatic disease who received a combination of a CD40-specific...
- 18From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedThe presentation of MHC class I-bound antigen to [CD8.sup.+] T cells by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can occur through two mechanisms: direct presentation of antigen by infected APCs; and...
- 19From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-ReviewedPatients with melanoma have been given hope with the news that ipilimumab (Yervoy; Bristol-Myers Squibb), a monoclonal antibody specific for cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), has been approved by the US Food and...
- 20From: Nature Reviews Immunology. (Vol. 11, Issue 5) Peer-Reviewed[Foxp3.sup.+] regulatory T cells promote T helper 17 cell development in vivo through regulation of interleukin-2 [CD4.sup.+] [CD25.sup.+] [Foxp3.sup.+] regulatory T cells promote Th17 cells in vitro and enhance host...